Mérieux Foundation event
Pertussis: biology, epidemiology and prevention
November 11-13, 2015 - Les Pensieres Center for Global Health, Veyrier-du-Lac (France)
Summary
Pertussis, commonly called whooping cough, is a highly infectious disease that was previously a universal rite of passage for older infants and young children. The discovery in 1906 of its causative organism, Bordetella pertussis, led to the development of whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines, which by the 1930s were combined with diphtheria (D) and tetanus (T) toxoids. Countries that instituted broad DTwP vaccination programs beginning in the mid-20th century saw pertussis dramatically decrease over subsequent decades. However, concerns over reactogenicity prompted some parents to refuse wP-containing vaccines for their children and some countries to cancel their programs altogether. Less reactogenic acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines were developed to address these concerns. They were deployed in Japan nearly 35 years ago, North America and much of Europe about 15 to 20 years ago, and more recently in some other middle- and high-income countries.
During the last 5 years, multiple countries (eg, Australia, UK, US) have experienced substantial increases in reported cases of pertussis. Cases among very young infants who are at greatest risk of pertussisrelated hospitalizations and mortality were most alarming. Multiple hypotheses have been posited for the current challenges with pertussis, including:
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More sensitive diagnostic tests combined with greater pertussis disease awareness;
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Inadequate vaccination schedules and poor compliance with vaccination recommendations;
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Evolution of circulating pertussis strains to evade vaccine-induced immunity;
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Suboptimal priming by and decreased duration of protection from acellular compared to whole-cell pertussis vaccines.
The purpose of this seminar is to bring together experts and interested individuals to:
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Explore the latest trends in pertussis epidemiology;
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Better understand the reasons for these trends;
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Discuss potential ways in which pertussis vaccines might be improved and the practicalities of their introduction into routine use;
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Formulate recommendations for optimal use of current vaccines, with a particular focus on strategies to minimize severe morbidity and mortality among infants during the first months of life.
Program
Day 1 Wednesday 11 November
Day 2 Thursday 12 November
Day 3 Friday 13 November
Keynote
Session 1 Biology of infection with Bordetella Pertussis: diagnosis
Dave JOHNSON
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9:00 - 9:20
Pertussis resurgence: ACV immunity and pathogen adaptation
Ruiting LAN
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11:00 - 11:20
The continuing problem of early diagnosis in very young infants
Jim CHERRY
Session 2 Epidemiology of Bordetella Pertussis - Effect of vaccination
Liz MILLER
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11:30 - 11:50
Overview of Pertussis epidemiology in the US and impact of vaccination
Stacey MARTIN
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14:00 - 14:20
Epidemiology of Pertussis in Australia - The effect of vaccinations and cocooning
Helen QUINN
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14:30 - 14:50
Epidemiology and control of Pertussis in England: The impact of maternal immunisation
Gayatri AMITHALINGAM
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15:00 - 15:20
Epidemiology of Pertussis in Africa. Maternal immunization as a possible strategy for prevention
Marta NUNES
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16:00 - 16:20
The influence of maternal antibodies on active pertussis infant vaccination-human challenge studies (project)
Scott HALPERIN
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16:30 - 16:50
Pertussis vaccination during pregnancy: immunological effects in pregnant women, young infants and breast milk composition
Elke LEURIDAN
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17:30 - 18:45
General discussion on waning of immunity to Pertussis
Facilitator : Liz MILLER with the participation of speakers in session 2
Session 3 Improving vaccination strategies with current vaccines; Development of new vaccines, some examples.
Scott HALPERIN
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8:30 - 8:50
Report on the work of the WHO SAGE pertussis working group
Liz MILLER
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9:00 - 9:20
Pertussis modelling: contributions of natural and vaccines immunity on the epidemiology
Jodie Mc VERNON
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9:30 - 9:50
The need for new less reactogenic whole cell vaccines
Jim CHERRY
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11:00 - 11:20
Development of a live-attenuated pertussis vaccine
Camille LOCHT
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11:30 - 11:50
Adenylate cyclase toxin-hemolysin relevance for pertussis vaccines
Peter SEBO
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12:00 - 12:15 ~ 14:00 - 16:00
Structured round table
Facilitators: Stanley PLOTKIN and Scott HALPERIN With the formal participation of: Norman BAYLOR, Peter NEELS, René RAEVEN, Claire- Anne SIEGRIST and participants.
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